Important Years of World History

Important Years: B.C. 3000 Building of the Great Pyramid. 776 First Olympiad in Greece. 753 Foundation of Rome. 490 Greeks defeated the Persians at the Battle of Marathon. 360 The period of Aristotle and Plato. 332 Egypt conquered by Alexander. 323 Alexander dies at Babylon. 214 Work on the Great Wall of China begins. 55 Julius Ceasar attacks Great Britain. 4 Birth of Jesus Christ. A.D. 29 Crucifixion of Jesus Christ. 375 Huns’ invasion of Europe. 570 Prophet Mohammed born at Mecca. 622 Flight of Mohammed from Mecca to Madina. 632

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Inventions and Discoveries

Invention and Discoveries

Adding Machine, 1642. Inventor : Blaise Pascal (France) (1623-62). Earliest commercial machine invented by William Burroughs (U.S.) in St. Louis, Missouri in 1885.

Addressograph, 1893. Inventor : J.S. Duncan (U.S.). Manufactured in Chicago, Illinois.

Airplane, 1903. Inventors: Orville Wright (1871-1948) and Wilbur Wright (1867-1912), (U.S.) Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.

Airship (non-rigid), 1852. Inventor : Henri Giffard (France) (1825-82). Steam-powered propeller flew over Paris (1852).

Airship (rigid), 1900. Inventor : Graf Ferdinand von Zeppelin (Germany) (1838- 1917). Bodensee.

Antiseptic, 1867. Inventor : Dr. Joseph Lister (England).

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Smallest and Biggest in the world

Largest Continent	Asia, 17,212,2000 square miles
Smallest Continent	Australia,312,2000 square miles
Highest Mountain	Mount Everest, Himalayan Mountains, Nepal-Tibet, 29,035 feet above sea level
Lowest Point on land	The Dead Sea, Israel-Jordan, water surface 1,349 feet below sea level
Deepest Underwater Trench	Marina Trench, 200 miles southwest of Guam in the Pacific Ocean, 36,198 feet below the ocean surface
Largest Sea	The Mediterranean Sea, 1,144,800 square miles
Highest Lake	The Highest navigable lake is Lake Titicaca in Peru, 12,500 feet above sea level
Lowest Lake	The Dead Sea, Israel-Jordan, surface of water 1,349 feet below sea level
Largest Lake	Caspian Sea, 152,239 square miles
Largest Freshwater Lake	Lake Superior, US-Canada, 31,820 square miles
Deepest Ocean	Pacific Ocean, average depth 13,215 feet
Largest Ocean	Pacific Ocean, 60,060,700 square miles
Smallest Ocean	Arctic Ocean, 5,427,000 square miles
Largest Gulf	Gulf of Mexico, 615,000 square miles
Bay	The Bay of Bengal, 1,300,000 square miles
Largest Island	Greenland, 839,999 square miles
Largest Peninsula	Arabia, 1,250,000 square miles
Largest Archipelago	Indonesia, 3,500-mile stretch of 17,000 islands
Largest Gorge	Grand Canyon, Colorado River, Arizona, US, 217 miles long, 4-18 miles wide, 1 mile deep
Deepest Gorge	Hells Canyon, Snake River, Idaho, 7,900 feet deep
Longest Mountain Range	The Andes of South America, 5,000 miles
Longesr River	The Nile, Africa, 4,180 miles
Shortest River	The Roe, Montana, US, 200 feet long
Largest River	The Amazon, South America, basin of 2,500,000 square miles
Longesr Estuary	Ob River, Russia, 550 miles long, up to 50 miles wide
Larget Lagoon	Lagoa dos Patos, Brazil, 150 miles long, 4,500 square miles
Largest Waterfall	Angel Falls, Venezuela, 3,212 feet high

Oceans of the World (by Size) ·         Pacific (155,557,000 sq km) ·         Atlantic (76,762,000 sq km) ·         Indian (68,556,000 sq km) ·         Southern (20,327,000 sq km) ·         Artic (14,056,000 sq km) Ocean’s Greatest Depths ·         Mariana Trench, Pacific Ocean 35,827 ft ·         Puerto Rico Trench, Atlantic Ocean 30,246 ft ·         Java Trench, Indian Ocean 24,460 ft ·         Arctic Basin, Arctic Ocean, 18,456 ft Major Seas (by Size) ·         South China (2,974,600 sq km) ·         Caribbean (2,515,900 sq km) ·         Mediterranean (2,510,000 sq km) ·         Bering (2,261,100 sq km) ·         Gulf of Mexico (1,507,600 sq km) ·         Arabian Sea (1,498,320 sq km) ·         Sea of Okhotsk (1,392,100 sq km) ·         Sea of Japan (East Sea – 1,012,900 sq km) ·         Hudson Bay (730,100 sq km) ·         East China (664,600 sq km) ·         Andaman (564,900 sq km) ·         Black (507,900 sq km) ·         Red (453,000 sq km) Major Rivers (by length) ·         Nile, Africa (6,825 km) ·         Amazon, South America (6,437 km) ·         Chang Jiang (Yangtze), Asia (6,380 km) ·         Mississippi, North America (5,971 km) ·         Yenisey-Angara, Asia (5,536 km) ·         Huang(Yello), Asia (5,464 km) ·         Ob-Irtysh, Asia (5,410 km) ·         Amur, Asia (4,416 km) ·         Lena, Asia (4,400 km) ·         Congo, Africa (4,370 km) ·         Mackenzie-Peace, North America (4,241 km) ·         Mekong, Asia (4,184 km) ·         Niger, Africa (4,171 km) Major Lakes (by Size) ·         Caspian Sea, Asia-Europe (371,000 sq km) ·         Superior, North America (82,100 sq km) ·         Victoria, Africa (69,500 sq km) ·         Huron, North America (59,600 sq km) ·         Michigan, North America (57,800 sq km) ·         Tanganyika, Africa (32,900 sq km) ·         Baikal, Asia (31,500 sq km) ·         Great Bear, North America (31,300 sq km) ·         Aral Sea, Asia (30,700 sq km) ·         Malawi, Africa (28,900 sq km) ·         Great Slave, Canada (28,568 sq km) ·         Erie, North America (25,667 sq km) ·         Winnipeg, Canada (24,387 sq km) ·         Ontario, North America (19,529 sq km) Deepest Lake (by Greatest Depth) ·         Baikal, Russian Fed. (5,315 ft) ·         Tanganyika, Africa (4,800 ft) ·         Caspian Sea, Asia-Europe (3,363 ft) ·         Malawi or Nyasa, Africa (2,317 ft) ·         Issyk-Kul, Kyrgyzstan (2,303 ft) Tallest Mountains (on each Continent) ·         Mount Everest 8859 m – Asia ·         Aconcagua 6959 m – S. America ·         Mount McKinley 6194 m – N. America ·         Mount Kilimanjaro 5963 m – Africa ·         Mount Elbrus 5633 m – Europe ·         Puncak Jaya 4884 m – Oceania ·         Vinson Massif 4897 m – Antarctica Oldest Countries ·         San Marino (301 AD) ·         France (486 AD) ·         Bulgaria (632 AD) ·         Denmark (950 AD) ·         Portugal (1143 AD) ·         Andorra (1278 AD) ·         Switzerland (1291 AD) Youngest Countries ·         Montenegro (July 2006) ·         Serbia (July 2006) ·         East Timor (2002) ·         Palau (1994) ·         Czech Republic (1993) ·         Eritrea (1993) ·         Slovakia (1993) ·         Bosnia/Hertzegovina (1992) Continents of the World (by Size) ·         #1 Asia (445,579,000 sq km) ·         #2 Africa (30,065,000 sq km) ·         #3 North America (24,256,000 sq km) ·         #4 South America (17,819,000 sq km) ·         #5 Antarctica (13,209,000 sq km) ·         #6 Europe (9,938,000 sq km) ·         #7 Australia/Oceania (7,687,000 sq km) Continets by Population ·         #1 Asia ·         #2 Africa ·         #3 Europe ·         #4 North America ·         #5 South America ·         #6 Australia/Oceania ·         #7 Antarctica Continents by number of Countries ·         #1 Africa (53) ·         #2 Europe (46) ·         #3 Asia (44) ·         #4 North America (23) ·         #5 Oceania (14) ·         #6 South America (12) Countries with Most land Boundaries ·         China – 14 ·         Russian Federation -14 ·         Brazil – 10 ·         Congo, Germany and Sudan – 10 ·         Austria, France, Tanzania, Turkey and Zambia – 8 Top 10 Tallest Mountains ·         Mount Everst, 8850m (29035 ft) – Nepal ·         Qogir (K2), 8611 m (28250 ft) – India ·         Kangchenjunga 8586 m (28169 ft) – Nepal ·         Lhotse, 8501 m (27929 ft) – Nepal ·         Makalu I, 8462 m (27765 ft) – Nepal ·         Cho Oyu, 8201 m (26906 ft) – Nepal ·         Dhaulagiri, 8167 m (26794 ft) – Nepal ·         Manaslu I, 8156 m (26758 ft) – Nepal ·         Nanga Parbat, 8125 m (26658 ft) – Pakistan ·         Annapurna I, 8091 m (26545 ft) – Nepal

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